Files
gasm-sdk/asm/arm64_ext.go
T
2026-10-07 02:26:19 +02:00

305 lines
10 KiB
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// Copyright (c) 2026 Petr Balvín <opensource@petrbalvin.org> (https://petrbalvin.org)
// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
// The assembler's side of the extended-instruction layer: this file turns a
// parsed arm64 statement into the operand form arch.ExtInstr.Encode consumes
// and routes statements only the layer can encode through the registry. It
// sits beside the main arm64 encoders, never inside them: the generated
// tables and the scalar, NEON and FP paths are untouched, and a statement
// reaches this file only when the mnemonic is registered in the extension
// layer and at least one operand is a scalable vector or predicate register.
//
// The spellings are the layer's own Plan 9 forms, the ones its metadata
// documents: Zn, Zm, Zd for the unpredicated three-vector class, Zm, Pg/M,
// Zdn for the predicated class, imm{, LSL #8}, Zdn for the immediate
// classes, and for the predicate family Pm.B, Pn.B, Pg/Z (or Pg.Z), Pd.B
// for the logical operations, Pn.B, Pg.Z, Pd.B for the breaks, Pm.T, Pn.T,
// Pd.T for the permutations, Rm, Rn, Pd.T for the while compares, PN8-PN15
// for the counter destinations, and the bare SETFFR.
package asm
import (
"fmt"
"strconv"
"strings"
"sourcedock.dev/petrbalvin/gasm-sdk/arch"
"sourcedock.dev/petrbalvin/gasm-sdk/ast"
)
// arm64ExtStatement converts one instruction's operands into the extended
// layer's operand form. pinned reports that the statement belongs to the
// layer: the mnemonic is registered in the registry and the operand list
// carries at least one scalable vector, predicate or predicate-as-counter
// register, or no operands at all (the zero-operand forms such as SETFFR,
// which no scalar path could mean instead). A pinned statement can only
// encode through the layer, so every operand is read here and its
// diagnostic replaces whatever the scalar paths would have said about
// operands they cannot read; err is non-nil for a pinned statement whose
// operands the layer refuses, and extops is complete only when err is nil.
// Unpinned means the statement is nobody's: the caller falls through to the
// ordinary arm64 encoders, which keep their exact behaviour for every
// scalar, NEON and FP operand list.
func arm64ExtStatement(mnem string, ops []*ast.Operand) (extops []arch.ExtOperand, pinned bool, err error) {
if _, ok := LookupExtension(arch.ARM64, mnem); !ok {
return nil, false, nil
}
if !arm64ExtPinned(ops) {
return nil, false, nil
}
out := make([]arch.ExtOperand, 0, len(ops))
for i, op := range ops {
text := strings.Join(strings.Fields(op.Raw), "")
// The spelled shift of an immediate class: the shift is an attribute
// of the preceding immediate operand (imm{, LSL #8}, Zdn), never an
// operand of its own.
if amount, ok := strings.CutPrefix(text, "LSL#"); ok {
if len(out) == 0 || out[len(out)-1].Kind != arch.ExtImm || out[len(out)-1].HasShift {
return nil, true, fmt.Errorf("%s: operand %d (%s): LSL belongs straight after an immediate", mnem, i+1, op.Raw)
}
n, convErr := strconv.Atoi(amount)
if convErr != nil {
return nil, true, fmt.Errorf("%s: operand %d (%s): %q is not an LSL amount", mnem, i+1, op.Raw, amount)
}
out[len(out)-1].Shift, out[len(out)-1].HasShift = n, true
continue
}
if op.Kind == ast.OpImmediate {
ext, ok := arm64ExtImmediate(op)
if !ok {
return nil, true, fmt.Errorf("%s: operand %d (%s) is not an immediate the layer can read", mnem, i+1, op.Raw)
}
out = append(out, ext)
continue
}
if ext, ok := arm64ExtVector(text); ok {
out = append(out, ext)
continue
}
if ext, ok := arm64ExtPredicate(text); ok {
out = append(out, ext)
continue
}
if ext, ok := arm64ExtCounter(text); ok {
out = append(out, ext)
continue
}
if ext, ok := arm64ExtGeneral(text); ok {
out = append(out, ext)
continue
}
return nil, true, fmt.Errorf("%s: operand %d (%s) is not an extended-layer operand: want a scalable vector, predicate, general or counter register, or an immediate", mnem, i+1, op.Raw)
}
return out, true, nil
}
// arm64ExtPinned reports whether the statement belongs to the layer: any
// operand is a scalable vector, predicate or predicate-as-counter register,
// the shapes only the extension layer reads, or the statement carries no
// operands at all and the mnemonic's zero-operand forms claim it. The test
// is deliberately loose about the suffixes: P0/B is not a spelling the
// layer takes, but the P of it makes the statement the layer's, and the
// conversion then diagnoses the operand precisely instead of leaving it to
// a scalar path that would report an unrelated register error.
func arm64ExtPinned(ops []*ast.Operand) bool {
if len(ops) == 0 {
return true
}
for _, op := range ops {
if op.Kind == ast.OpImmediate {
continue
}
text := strings.Join(strings.Fields(op.Raw), "")
if _, ok := arm64ExtVector(text); ok {
return true
}
if arm64ExtPredicateShape(text) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// arm64ExtPredicateShape reports whether text spells a predicate or
// predicate-as-counter register at all: PN or P, digits, an optional
// arrangement suffix and an optional qualifier after a slash, whatever the
// qualifier says. The strict parses in arm64ExtPredicate and
// arm64ExtCounter judge the suffix; this shape only decides who the operand
// belongs to.
func arm64ExtPredicateShape(text string) bool {
if text == "" || text[0] != 'P' {
return false
}
text = text[1:]
if rest, found := strings.CutPrefix(text, "N"); found {
text = rest
}
if i := strings.IndexByte(text, '/'); i >= 0 {
text = text[:i]
}
if i := strings.IndexByte(text, '.'); i >= 0 {
text = text[:i]
}
_, err := strconv.Atoi(text)
return err == nil && text != ""
}
// arm64ExtImmediate converts a $ immediate into the layer's form. The
// parser folds a parenthesised constant expression in full ($(255<<8)) and
// reads a bare literal greedily, dropping any trailing operator tokens:
// $255<<8 parses as 255 with the shift silently gone. Encoding that silent
// prefix would assemble what the text did not say, so an unparenthesised
// immediate is accepted only when its whole text reads back as one integer
// carrying the parser's value.
func arm64ExtImmediate(op *ast.Operand) (arch.ExtOperand, bool) {
if op.Kind != ast.OpImmediate || !op.Imm.HasVal {
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
text := strings.Join(strings.Fields(strings.TrimPrefix(op.Raw, "$")), "")
if !strings.HasPrefix(text, "(") {
if _, parseErr := strconv.ParseInt(text, 0, 64); parseErr != nil {
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
}
v := op.Imm.Val
if op.Imm.Neg {
v = -v
}
return arch.ExtOperand{Kind: arch.ExtImm, Imm: v}, true
}
// arm64ExtVector parses a scalable vector register operand: Z0..Z31 with an
// optional element-size suffix, Z0.S. The arrangement is carried as written
// and the encoding validates it against the form.
func arm64ExtVector(text string) (arch.ExtOperand, bool) {
reg, arr, ok := arm64ExtReg(text, 'Z')
if !ok {
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
return arch.ExtOperand{Kind: arch.ExtZReg, Reg: reg, Arr: arr}, true
}
// arm64ExtPredicate parses a predicate register operand: P0..P15 with an
// optional element-size suffix (P0.B) and an optional qualifier in either
// spelling the corpus and the wired forms use, P0/M and P0.Z.
func arm64ExtPredicate(text string) (arch.ExtOperand, bool) {
qual := arch.ExtQualNone
if base, suffix, found := strings.Cut(text, "/"); found {
switch suffix {
case "M":
qual = arch.ExtQualMerging
case "Z":
qual = arch.ExtQualZeroing
default:
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
text = base
} else if base, suffix, found := strings.Cut(text, "."); found &&
(suffix == "Z" || suffix == "M") {
// The dot qualifier stands in place of an arrangement, the spelling
// the toolchain's corpus writes (P1.Z, P14.M).
qual = arch.ExtQualMerging
if suffix == "Z" {
qual = arch.ExtQualZeroing
}
text = base
}
reg, arr, ok := arm64ExtReg(text, 'P')
if !ok {
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
return arch.ExtOperand{Kind: arch.ExtPReg, Reg: reg, Arr: arr, Qual: qual}, true
}
// arm64ExtCounter parses a predicate-as-counter register operand: PN8..PN15
// with an optional element-size suffix, PN14.S. The register range is the
// counter range the layer's convention carries; the encoding validates it.
func arm64ExtCounter(text string) (arch.ExtOperand, bool) {
rest, ok := strings.CutPrefix(text, "PN")
if !ok {
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
reg, arr, ok := arm64ExtRegDigits(rest)
if !ok {
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
return arch.ExtOperand{Kind: arch.ExtPNReg, Reg: reg, Arr: arr}, true
}
// arm64ExtGeneral parses a general register operand: R0..R30, the plain
// spelling the while-compare forms take. The register range is left to the
// encoding, whose diagnostics name it.
func arm64ExtGeneral(text string) (arch.ExtOperand, bool) {
rest, ok := strings.CutPrefix(text, "R")
if !ok {
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
reg, arr, ok := arm64ExtRegDigits(rest)
if !ok || arr != arch.ExtArrNone {
return arch.ExtOperand{}, false
}
return arch.ExtOperand{Kind: arch.ExtGReg, Reg: reg}, true
}
// arm64ExtRegDigits parses the digits and optional arrangement suffix of a
// register spelling once the letter prefix is gone.
func arm64ExtRegDigits(text string) (reg int, arr arch.ExtArrangement, ok bool) {
if base, suffix, found := strings.Cut(text, "."); found {
switch suffix {
case "B":
arr = arch.ExtArrB
case "H":
arr = arch.ExtArrH
case "S":
arr = arch.ExtArrS
case "D":
arr = arch.ExtArrD
case "Q":
arr = arch.ExtArrQ
default:
return 0, 0, false
}
text = base
}
n, err := strconv.Atoi(text)
if err != nil || n < 0 {
return 0, 0, false
}
return n, arr, true
}
// arm64ExtReg parses Pn or Zn with an optional arrangement suffix off a
// normalised operand text. The register range is left to the encoding: the
// layer's own diagnostics name the range a form carries.
func arm64ExtReg(text string, letter byte) (reg int, arr arch.ExtArrangement, ok bool) {
if len(text) < 2 || text[0] != letter {
return 0, 0, false
}
digits := text[1:]
if base, suffix, found := strings.Cut(digits, "."); found {
switch suffix {
case "B":
arr = arch.ExtArrB
case "H":
arr = arch.ExtArrH
case "S":
arr = arch.ExtArrS
case "D":
arr = arch.ExtArrD
case "Q":
arr = arch.ExtArrQ
default:
return 0, 0, false
}
digits = base
}
n, err := strconv.Atoi(digits)
if err != nil || n < 0 {
return 0, 0, false
}
return n, arr, true
}