// Copyright (c) 2026 Petr Balvín <opensource@petrbalvin.org> (https://petrbalvin.org)
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

// The RPCSEC_GSS server side: the context store keyed by handle, the
// RPCSEC_GSS_INIT and DESTROY procedures, and the credential evaluation
// of COMPOUND calls at the service levels none, integrity and privacy.

package nfs4server

import (
	crand "crypto/rand"
	"sync"

	"sourcedock.dev/petrbalvin/nfs/internal/krb5"
	"sourcedock.dev/petrbalvin/nfs/internal/rpc"
)

// gssMajorStatus values as RFC 2743 section 1.2.2 encodes them: the
// continue needed supplementary bit, and the routine errors shifted
// into bits sixteen and up.
const (
	gssMajorOK             = 0
	gssMajorContinueNeeded = 1
	gssMajorDefectiveToken = 9 << 16
	gssMajorFailure        = 16 << 16
)

// The GSS sequence window the server accepts, RFC 2203 section 5.2.2.
const gssWindow = 32

// A gssSession is one established security context and the sequence
// bookkeeping of its credential. The mutex guards the bookkeeping and
// the token operations together: one context handle presented on two
// connections must not interleave its anti-replay window or its
// sequence counters, RFC 2203 section 5.2.2.
type gssSession struct {
	mu      sync.Mutex
	ctx     *krb5.Context
	service uint32
	lastSeq uint32
	seqSet  bool
	label   *rpc.Label
	privs   []rpc.Privs
}

// gssStore keeps the established contexts by their handle. The handles
// are random, not a counter, so one cannot be guessed and destroyed by
// enumeration.
type gssStore struct {
	mu    sync.Mutex
	byKey map[string]*gssSession
}

func newGSSStore() *gssStore {
	return &gssStore{byKey: make(map[string]*gssSession)}
}

func (s *gssStore) put(sess *gssSession) []byte {
	handle := make([]byte, 8)
	if _, err := crand.Read(handle); err != nil {
		panic("nfs4server: the random source failed: " + err.Error())
	}
	handle[0] = 'G'
	handle[1] = 'S'
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()
	s.byKey[string(handle)] = sess
	return handle
}

func (s *gssStore) get(handle []byte) (*gssSession, bool) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()
	sess, ok := s.byKey[string(handle)]
	return sess, ok
}

func (s *gssStore) drop(handle []byte) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	delete(s.byKey, string(handle))
	s.mu.Unlock()
}

// gssStore returns the context store, made once per handler. A handler
// without a ServerKey never establishes contexts.
func (h *Handler) gssSessions() *gssStore {
	h.mu.Lock()
	defer h.mu.Unlock()
	if h.gssSt == nil {
		h.gssSt = newGSSStore()
	}
	return h.gssSt
}

// gssInit serves RPCSEC_GSS_INIT: the call data carries the initiator
// context token, which is verified against the service key, stored
// under a fresh handle and answered with the RPCSEC_GSS_INIT result
// holding the handle and the AP-REP.
func (h *Handler) gssInit(token []byte) []byte {
	var major, minor uint32
	var handle, reply []byte
	if h.ServerKey == nil {
		major = gssMajorFailure // no key configured: refuse
	} else {
		ctx, rep, aerr := krb5.AcceptInit(token, h.ServerKey)
		if aerr != nil {
			major = gssMajorDefectiveToken
			minor = 1
		} else {
			handle = h.gssSessions().put(&gssSession{ctx: ctx})
			reply = rep
		}
	}
	return rpc.AppendGSSInitRes(nil, handle, major, minor, gssWindow, reply)
}

// gssDestroy retires the context the credential names. RFC 2203
// section 5.2.3 requires the request to carry a valid verifier under
// the very context it destroys; a request without one, or for a context
// this server never established, is refused.
func (h *Handler) gssDestroy(call rpc.Call) bool {
	cred, err := rpc.DecodeGSSCred(call.Cred.Body)
	if err != nil || cred.Proc != rpc.GSSProcDestroy {
		return false
	}
	sess, ok := h.gssSessions().get(cred.Handle)
	if !ok {
		return false
	}
	prefix, err := rpc.AppendCall(nil, rpc.Call{
		XID: call.XID, Program: call.Program, Version: call.Version,
		Procedure: call.Procedure, Cred: call.Cred,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return false
	}
	if sess.ctx.VerifyMIC(prefix, call.Verifier.Body) != nil {
		return false
	}
	h.gssSessions().drop(cred.Handle)
	return true
}

// gssCompound evaluates a COMPOUND call under RPCSEC_GSS: it verifies
// the verifier MIC over the call header, unwraps or checksum-verifies
// the arguments per the service level, runs the compound and protects
// the results the same way. The reply verifier is generated under the
// same session lock as the protected body, so one session's tokens
// leave the server in the order a client verifies them. The last answer
// is false when the RPC layer must answer GARBAGE_ARGS.
func (h *Handler) gssCompound(call rpc.Call, args []byte) ([]byte, rpc.Auth, bool) {
	var gcred rpc.GSSCred
	if peekU32(call.Cred.Body) == rpc.GSSVersion3 {
		// A version three credential carries the version in front.
		v3, verr := rpc.DecodeGSSv3Cred(call.Cred.Body)
		if verr != nil || v3.Proc != rpc.GSSProcData {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
		gcred = rpc.GSSCred{Proc: rpc.GSSProcData, Version: rpc.GSSVersion3,
			Service: v3.Service, Handle: v3.Handle, Seq: v3.Seq}
	} else {
		var derr error
		gcred, derr = rpc.DecodeGSSCred(call.Cred.Body)
		if derr != nil || gcred.Proc != rpc.GSSProcData || gcred.Version != rpc.GSSVersion1 {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
	}
	sess, ok := h.gssSessions().get(gcred.Handle)
	if !ok {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	sess.mu.Lock()
	defer sess.mu.Unlock()
	if sess.seqSet && gcred.Seq != sess.lastSeq+1 && !(gcred.Seq > sess.lastSeq) {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	// The verifier is a MIC over the call header with an empty verifier
	// field: re-encode that prefix and check the token against it.
	prefix, err := rpc.AppendCall(nil, rpc.Call{
		XID: call.XID, Program: call.Program, Version: call.Version,
		Procedure: call.Procedure, Cred: call.Cred,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	if err := sess.ctx.VerifyMIC(prefix, call.Verifier.Body); err != nil {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	sess.lastSeq = gcred.Seq
	sess.service = gcred.Service
	sess.seqSet = true

	var compoundArgs []byte
	switch sess.service {
	case rpc.SvcPrivacy:
		if compoundArgs, err = sess.ctx.Unwrap(args); err != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
	case rpc.SvcIntegrity:
		if len(args) < 28 {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
		compoundArgs = args[:len(args)-28]
		if err := sess.ctx.VerifyMIC(compoundArgs, args[len(args)-28:]); err != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
	default:
		compoundArgs = args
	}
	body, ok := h.compoundCtx(compoundArgs, h.gssCred(sess), nil)
	if !ok {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	verf := rpc.Auth{}
	if sess.service != rpc.SvcNone {
		replyPrefix, perr := rpc.AppendAcceptedReply(nil, call.XID, rpc.Auth{}, rpc.AcceptSuccess, rpc.Mismatch{})
		if perr != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
		mic, merr := sess.ctx.GetMIC(replyPrefix)
		if merr != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
		verf = rpc.Auth{Flavor: rpc.FlavorGSS, Body: mic}
	}
	switch sess.service {
	case rpc.SvcPrivacy:
		if body, err = sess.ctx.Wrap(body); err != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
	case rpc.SvcIntegrity:
		mic, merr := sess.ctx.GetMIC(body)
		if merr != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
		body = append(append([]byte{}, body...), mic...)
	}
	return body, verf, true
}

// gssCred answers the identity the operations of one context run as.
// Every principal this server authenticates maps to the anonymous
// identity until a mapping table exists, so no principal silently
// becomes root over the export.
func (h *Handler) gssCred(sess *gssSession) cred {
	return cred{uid: 65534, gid: 65534}
}

// gssCreate serves RPCSEC_GSS_CREATE over a version three credential:
// the parent context is looked up, the multi-principal assertion is
// verified against the inner handle, labels and privileges are accepted
// into the new child session and the child handle answers the request,
// RFC 7861 section 2.7.1.
func (h *Handler) gssCreate(v3 rpc.GSSv3Cred, headerPrefix []byte, callData []byte) ([]byte, bool) {
	parent, ok := h.gssSessions().get(v3.Handle)
	if !ok {
		return nil, false
	}
	mpAuth, chanBind, assertions, err := rpc.DecodeCreateArgs(callData)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, false
	}
	// Multi-principal authentication rides only over privacy and binds
	// the inner handle by its MIC over this call header.
	var resMp *rpc.MpAuth
	if mpAuth != nil {
		if v3.Service != rpc.SvcPrivacy {
			return nil, false
		}
		inner, ok := h.gssSessions().get(mpAuth.InnerHandle)
		if !ok {
			return nil, false
		}
		if err := inner.ctx.VerifyMIC(headerPrefix, mpAuth.HeaderMic); err != nil {
			return nil, false
		}
		resMic, merr := inner.ctx.GetMIC(headerPrefix)
		if merr != nil {
			return nil, false
		}
		resMp = &rpc.MpAuth{InnerHandle: mpAuth.InnerHandle, HeaderMic: resMic}
	}
	_ = chanBind // channel binding: asserted, unverified in this build
	var granted []rpc.Assertion
	child := &gssSession{ctx: parent.ctx, service: v3.Service}
	for _, a := range assertions {
		switch a.Type {
		case rpc.AssertionLabel:
			child.label = &a.Label
			granted = append(granted, a)
		case rpc.AssertionPrivs:
			child.privs = append(child.privs, a.Privs)
			granted = append(granted, a)
		default:
			// Unsupported assertions are dropped, not granted.
		}
	}
	childHandle := h.gssSessions().put(child)
	return rpc.AppendCreateRes(nil, childHandle, resMp, nil, granted), true
}

// gssList serves RPCSEC_GSS_LIST: the assertion types this server
// grants.
func (h *Handler) gssList() []byte {
	return rpc.AppendListRes(nil, []uint32{rpc.AssertionLabel, rpc.AssertionPrivs})
}

// labelOf answers the label assertion of a context, if any.
func (h *Handler) labelOf(handle []byte) *rpc.Label {
	sess, ok := h.gssSessions().get(handle)
	if !ok {
		return nil
	}
	return sess.label
}

// peekU32 reads the first word of a credential body without consuming
// it: the version three credential starts with the version field while
// the version one form starts with the control procedure.
func peekU32(body []byte) uint32 {
	if len(body) < 4 {
		return 0
	}
	return uint32(body[0])<<24 | uint32(body[1])<<16 | uint32(body[2])<<8 | uint32(body[3])
}

// gssv3Control serves the RPCSEC_GSS_CREATE and LIST control messages,
// which ride on NULLPROC under a version three credential protected at
// the integrity or privacy level, RFC 7861 section 5.2. The reply
// verifier is generated under the same session lock as the protected
// result, so the session's tokens leave the server in the order a
// client verifies them.
func (h *Handler) gssv3Control(call rpc.Call, args []byte) ([]byte, rpc.Auth, bool) {
	v3, err := rpc.DecodeGSSv3Cred(call.Cred.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	sess, ok := h.gssSessions().get(v3.Handle)
	if !ok {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	sess.mu.Lock()
	defer sess.mu.Unlock()
	if sess.seqSet && v3.Seq != sess.lastSeq+1 && !(v3.Seq > sess.lastSeq) {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	prefix, err := rpc.AppendCall(nil, rpc.Call{
		XID: call.XID, Program: call.Program, Version: call.Version,
		Procedure: call.Procedure, Cred: call.Cred,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	if err := sess.ctx.VerifyMIC(prefix, call.Verifier.Body); err != nil {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	sess.lastSeq = v3.Seq
	sess.seqSet = true

	// The call data carries the control payload protected at the
	// session's service level, for every control procedure: a client
	// that checksummed or sealed its arguments must see them verified,
	// or the shared sequence counters of the context drift apart.
	var callData []byte
	switch v3.Service {
	case rpc.SvcPrivacy:
		if callData, err = sess.ctx.Unwrap(args); err != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
	case rpc.SvcIntegrity:
		if len(args) < 28 {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
		callData = args[:len(args)-28]
		if err := sess.ctx.VerifyMIC(callData, args[len(args)-28:]); err != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
	default:
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	var res []byte
	switch v3.Proc {
	case rpc.GSSProcCreate:
		if ok, cok := h.gssCreate(v3, prefix, callData); !cok {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		} else {
			res = ok
		}
	case rpc.GSSProcList:
		res = h.gssList()
	default:
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	replyPrefix, perr := rpc.AppendAcceptedReply(nil, call.XID, rpc.Auth{}, rpc.AcceptSuccess, rpc.Mismatch{})
	if perr != nil {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	mic, merr := sess.ctx.GetMIC(replyPrefix)
	if merr != nil {
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
	verf := rpc.Auth{Flavor: rpc.FlavorGSS, Body: mic}
	switch v3.Service {
	case rpc.SvcPrivacy:
		sealed, serr := sess.ctx.Wrap(res)
		if serr != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
		return sealed, verf, true
	case rpc.SvcIntegrity:
		mic, merr := sess.ctx.GetMIC(res)
		if merr != nil {
			return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
		}
		return append(append([]byte{}, res...), mic...), verf, true
	default:
		return nil, rpc.Auth{}, false
	}
}

// LabelOf answers the label assertion bound to a context handle, or nil
// when the context carries none.
func (h *Handler) LabelOf(handle []byte) *rpc.Label {
	return h.labelOf(handle)
}